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Fifteen dead, including three minors, 34 injured and more than 100 people affected was on Tuesday night the preliminary balance of the tragedy that he experienced since morning Risaraldadue to heavy rains.

A downpour caused a landslide that buried six houses and affected another 20 in the sector of The Esnedaon the border between Pereira and Dosquebradas, and also caused the overflow of the Otún River.

(Also: Landslide in Pereira buried several houses, 15 dead)

The emergency, according to the inhabitants of the sector, occurred around 6:25 in the morning, and since then the rescue work began, led by emergency agencies, accompanied by the community, but these had to be suspended in several opportunities because in the capital of Risaralda, it practically did not stop raining all day.

The mayor of Pereira, Carlos Mayanpointed out that about 25 years ago a similar emergency occurred in the area, which suffers from rising rivers during the rainy seasons.

(Also read: The heartbreaking stories of the survivors of the Pereira tragedy)

Tragedy Pereira

Winter tragedy in Risaralda left 15 dead and 34 injured.

“The banks of the Otún River have been invaded many times and although we have evicted it so that the families do not experience that risk, many people return. Now we are focused on recovering the bodies and finding more survivors, and then we will think about relocation, “said the local president.

However, this is not an irregular neighborhood or an invasion and the sector has always been recognized by the local authorities of Pereira.

According to the Mayor’s Office, the tragedy occurred due to saturation of the land, after more than 12 continuous hours of rain.

“The triggering factor of the emergency was a rupture in the canal of the ditch that, when it collapsed, generated an accumulation and constant flow of water towards the hillside,” they reported from the administration.

(You may be interested in: Tragedy in Pereira: how and where to help those affected by the collapse)

The Dosquebradas firefighters, who were the first to arrive at the scene of the tragedy, since the area borders both municipalities, pointed out that the risk of a major disaster in the area continues as the river flow is still very high.

That is why they evacuated all the houses located two blocks from the affected sector.
Due to the large number of injured people, the hospital network declared a yellow alert. One of the hospitals where they have received more patients is the San Jorge hospital, from where a preliminary report was delivered.

“Among the injured there are two in surgery, one with a diagnosis of pneumothorax and another with trauma to the lower limbs with cardiovascular risk,” reported the hospital manager, Maria Ellen Ruiz.

There was no record of a tragedy like these almost five years ago in the Coffee Region, when the rains caused a landslide in April 2017, in Manizales, which left 17 people dead. And the most recent precedent in the country was in Mallama, Nariño, when a landslide in November 2021 also left 17 victims.

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Sliding in Pereira

The shocking images of the winter tragedy in Pereira.

the faces of tragedy

Families, homes and businesses were destroyed and buried in the rubble. The stories heard amid the rush of relief agencies and the community helping to search for survivors or fatalities are shocking.

“Three uncles, cousins ​​and nephews lived in that area. My niece was saved because she was awake, but the girl (her daughter) died because the wall of the house fell while she was still in bed. That is very hard that one has to see the family like this”, said one of the neighbors of the place.

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One of her uncles also died of this woman, and she has four other relatives in the San Rafael de Pereira clinic.

Other families did not lose one of their members, but lost everything they had. That is the case of Pedro Lugo, who lived with his wife and his children in one of the houses on Avenida del Río and Calle 26.

Of his business, a junkyard, he only has memories. “The collapse took everything where my business was, I was left with nothing, but thank God my family and I are alive,” she narrated.

Tragedy Pereira

Winter tragedy in Risaralda left 15 dead and 34 injured.

Lugo pointed out that at 6:30 this morning everything was screaming and desolation. “When we went out to see what happened, people were running everywhere. I approached and we managed to rescue several, but later the authorities arrived and we let them do their thing.

It was very sad to see that you lost your lifelong neighbors,” said the man who has lived in this sector of the Risaraldense capital for more than 50 years.

A few blocks from the scene of the events, concern and sadness also abound. Two blocks down from the place lives José Quintero, who lost several members of his family.

“My son-in-law and brother died, and my daughter is in a very serious hospital. When I went down and saw all that destroyed it was very hard. My son-in-law had a little store and my daughter was lying down because they get up very early to make arepas; she is delicate, but fine”, commented Quintero.

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The authorities expect this Wednesday, from 6 am, to continue with the search, since it is not ruled out that there are more missing persons, and debris removal, and they have said that they will take measures to relocate some families who were affected. But the jobs will depend on the state of the weather.

LAURA USMA CARDONA
For the time
Pereira

Precision medicine is the “future”. What does it consist of? How can it help in pediatric oncology? The answers are provided by Ana Fernández-Teijeiro, head of the Pediatric Onco-Hematology Section at the Virgen de la Macarena Hospital and president of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (SEHOP)

The future of pediatric oncology lies in precision medicine

Precision medicine (MP) was born as a result of all the advances that seek better patient care. This medicine pursues the personalization of diagnosis and treatment to combat the molecular key of the tumor.

“To talk about precision medicine in pediatric oncology, what we need is to design a panel of genetic alterations that must be analyzed in pediatric tumors,” emphasizes Dr. Ana Fernández-Teijeiro.

In order to analyze the possibility of personalized treatment, clinical trials are needed.

Ana Fernández-Teijeiro
Ana Fernández-Teijeiro, president of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

On the one hand, there are the ‘umbrella trials’, in which different mutations are identified for the same type of cancer, which are attempted to be attacked with different drugs.

On the other hand, the ‘basket trials’, where there are many cancers and tumors that share a common genetic alteration and with which the same drug is tested to see its efficacy.

“Precision medicine seeks that after DNA analysis a suitable suit can be made for each patient”, defines the doctor; that is, it seeks to adapt the treatment to the molecular alteration of that patient, trying to attack only the tumor and reduce side effects.

To talk about it, the Association of Galician Doctors, Asomega Muller, has drawn up a series of webinars with the support of GSK and PharmaMar.

Current situation of childhood and adolescent cancer

It is calculated that cEach year around 400,000 children and adolescents between 0 and 19 years of age worldwide suffer from cancer., being one of the main causes of mortality in childhood and adolescence.

In high-income countries, more than 80% of children affected by cancer are cured, but in many low- and middle-income countries less than 30% are cured, reports the World Health Organization.

Childhood cancer is characterized by its embryonic origin and develops in the first two decades of life. Its growth is fast, aggressive and invasive and it is rarely associated with environmental carcinogens. They are more chemosensitive and radiosensitive than adult tumors, although they have a higher cure rate.

child cancer
Schoolmates of a cancer patient receiving treatment at Vall d’Hebron. EFE/Quique Garcia

In Spain, 1,100 new cases are diagnosed each year in children under 14 years of age, leukemias being the most frequent tumors (30%). In second place are tumors of the central nervous system (20%). Finally, lymphomas, followed by neural crest tumors, renal tumors and sarcomas, in addition to others less frequently.

Pediatric oncology survival

“With data from 2021 we know that survival is 81%, of every five children we can cure four at this time,” says the doctor.

The reason for this survival refers to all the advances made in medicine that have allowed there to now be treatments for childhood cancer based on the same strategies used in adults: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

“All this has supported a fundamental support treatment such as nutritional, transfusion, diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections. Now all of this constitutes the approach to children and adolescents with cancer, contributing to survival”, emphasizes the specialist.

The expert emphasizes that the importance is not only to cure children but to “cure them better”. About 70% of cancer survivors will have sequelae and 40% of them will suffer severe sequelae, informs the expert.

Precision medicine aims to “reduce the use of unnecessary treatments and reduce prescription errors derived from medications that may not be useful for the patient”.

Conventional medicine vs. Personalized medicine

In traditional medicine, patients receive the same treatment despite being each in a different way. Some may benefit from the treatment while for others it may be null or produce major adverse effects.

Personalized medicine develops therapeutic targets that allow attacking the tumor in its alteration and benefit the patient with targeted therapy.

medical laboratory
EFE / Aleksandar Plavevski

Diagnoses in precision medicine are expanded compared to traditional medicine. It allows diagnosis at the molecular, genomic or methylation (DNA cover) level, based on family history and external factors in order to define a specific treatment.

“To design molecules in precision medicine we need to analyze DNA and RNA and metabolic analyses, which can be done either in the tumor, in the metastasis or in the liquid biopsy (detection of tumor cells that may be present in the blood)”, reports Dr. Ana Fernández-Teijeiro.

This type of medicine allows radiotherapy Analyze factors that may indicate sensitivity to treatment. In this way, specialists could determine different treatment groups that are radioresistant, more radiosensitive or with a high risk of toxicity. It also allows the patient to be monitored after treatment.

Biological barriers for precision medicine applications

The design of medicines has some difficulties since “we talk about the drug having to reach the intimacy of the cell to be able to alter it”. There are a number of barriers within the patient to access it. For this reason, nanoparticles of different composition are being designed.

“It is the future and it is what the most sophisticated laboratories are working on. It is a way of bringing medicine to the intimacy of the cell”.

Why do we need to implement PM in Spain?

Currently in Spain there are five centers that participate in this consortium for the innovation of new therapies in childhood cancer: the ITCC.

It brings together the Vall d’Hebron (Barcelona), La Fe (Valencia), Niño Jesús (Madrid), San Joan de Deu (Barcelona) and La Paz (Madrid) hospitals.

“We need to improve diagnosis and treatment. Unlike other countries, in Spain we do not currently have a pediatric precision medicine program. What we have are groups with initiative that have selflessly offered to carry out these studies on patients and support their inclusion in some clinical trials”, claims the doctor.

Inside of Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (SEHOP) there are some centers that have begun to develop clinical trials.

A network of hospitals

Spain has 40 pediatric cancer units, “detecting that 70% are treated in the largest units, but not all patients could benefit from these centers.”

With the help of the Ministry of Health and the Ministries of Health, an organization of pediatric cancer was launched in 2019, with an update in 2021, in such a way that at the level of the autonomous communities, networking is carried out with the most important hospitals.

“What we want is for precision medicine in Spain to become a reality. We hope that the Ministry of Health can define a genomic portfolio in pediatric cancer that is a reference for the entire national health system and makes it possible for any of the reference centers that can do so to facilitate molecular diagnosis and treatment of cancers. patients”.

In this way one of the “great challenges of pediatric oncology for the next 10 years” was born.

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